CAUSE AND EFFECT

 

Dalam bahasa Inggris, arti dari kalimat cause and effect adalah sebab akibat. Yaitu, jenis kalimat majemuk yang memiliki sebab dan dapat menimbulkan akibat. Cause berarti sesuatu yang terjadi, sedangkan effect merupakan konsekuensi atau akibat dari adanya kejadian tersebut.

Generic Structure

The cause and effect paragraph has the following structure or generic structure:

1.  Have a main idea on the topic of sentences that will be covered in the whole paragraph.

2.  Have supporting details or supporting sentences in the form of causes.

3.  End with a concluding sentence or a conclusion in the form of a result.

Example of cause and effect sentences

Because

• Because it is raining, she just stay at home.
• ( Because it was raining , he just stayed home)
• Momo went to bed because she was sleepy .
• (Momo goes to sleep because he is sleepy)
• Momo failed in her test because she didn't study.
• (Momo failed his test because he didn't study )

Because of

• Because of you, I'm happy.
• ( Because of you, I'm happy)
• We were bored because of the speech.
• ( We're tired of the speech )
• People can get sick because of germs. 
• ( people can get sick because the germs )

As a result of

• The flight was delayed as a result of fog.
• ( Flight delayed as a result of fog )
• Her hair started falling out as a result of radiation treatment.
• ( Her hair started to fall out as a result of radiation treatment )
• The flood came as a result of the heavy rains.
• ( The Flood came as a result of heavy rains )

On account of

• The President declined to deliver the speech himself, on account of a sore throat.
• (The president refuses to deliver the speech himself, on account of sore throat )
• A newly-married couple, he thought, on account of their walking so close together.
• ( A Newly married couple, he thought, on account of their walked so close )

Due to

• He was absence due to his illness.
• (He was absent because of his illness )
• Due to a lot of job, my father comes home late tonight.
• ( Due to the piling up of tasks, my father came home late tonight)
• The old man was lost his foot, due to car accident.
• (The old man lost his leg, in a car accident)
• Due to the lack of water, my flowers don't grow well.
• ( Due to lack of water, my flowers don't grow well)

Thanks to

• Thanks to his hard work, he is now a very successful businessman.
• ( Thanks to his hard work, he is now a very successful entrepreneur)
• She was able to go to college thanks for the scholarship.
• (He was able to study thanks to a scholarship )
• Thanks to the win, we soon reached the island.
• ( Thanks to the wind, we will soon arrive at the island)

AS

• She can't read the letter as she is illiterate.
• (She can't read letters as he is illiterate )
• As she saw her father, she suddenly smiling.
• ( As she saw his father, he suddenly smiles )
• She deserved to get it , as what she already did .
  
• (She deserves it, as what he has done)

Since

• Momo started screaming since she saw an ufo in the air.
• ( Momo started screaming since I a saw ufo in the air )
• The police arrested him since he robed in the bank.
• ( The police arrested him since he robed in the bank)
• Since his father told him so , he went abroad .
  
• ( Since his father said like that, he went wandering)

So that

• She did it so that you realize your fault.
• (She did it so that you would realize your fault)
• I buy you a phone so that you can communicate with me.
• (I buy you a phone so that you can communicate with me)

As a result

• He always saves all his earnings . As a result , his big luxury uphill mansion .
  
• (He always saved all his income. As a result , a large and magnificent castle on top of his cliff)
• That old man always talks nonsense . As a result , the resident call him 'Shitty' .
  
• (The old man always talks nonsense. As a result , the residents call him a 'liar')

Consequently

• He was a street racer back in that day , consequently , his broken legs .
  
• (He was a street racer at the time, consequently , a broken leg)
• He didn't study , consequently, he got the bad scores.
• (He doesn't study, consequently , he gets bad grades)

Hence

• He wants to take a leak . Hence , he looks so hurry .
  
• (He wants to take a leak. hence, he looks very rushed)
• She was starved . Hence , she was pale .
  
• (she was starved . hence, he was pale)

For this reason

• He can play that game in days without doing anything else . For this reason , I call him 'maniac' .
  
• (He is able to play this game for days without doing anything. For this reason , I call him a 'maniac')
• My grandfather always hugs me so hard . For this reason , I always hide when he comes to my place .
  
• (My grandfather always hugged me tightly. For this reason , I always hide when he comes to my place)
• He always helps people around him who are in trouble. For this reason, I secretly like him.
• (He always helps those around him who are in trouble. For this reason , I secretly like him)

So

• Momo was allowed to eat cookies for dessert so she was happy.
• (Momo is allowed to eat cookies for dessert so he's happy)
• She ate too much this morning , so she fell asleep in the afternoon .
  
• (He ate too much this morning , so he fell asleep in the afternoon)
• He forgot to lock the door , so the burglar could go in easily .
  
• (He forgot to lock the door, so the bulglar could go in easily)

Therefore

• They never argued about my decisions . Therefore , we always ended up as a great team .
  
• (They never complain about my decisions. therefore, we always end up as a good team)
• They play football all day. Therefore, they feel tired.
• (They play football all day. Therefore , they feel tired)
• My brother takes a study in New York. Therefore, he needs a passport.
• (My brother is studying in New York. Therefore , he needs a passport)

Example of a Cause and Effect Paragraph

Paragraph Cause and Effect 1

Drought which is happened this year is very long. Even, in the last two month almost there was no rain. Moreover, with the very hot weather makes surface of the soil is cracked and dry and causes the dust is flying away. In addition, the water that is stored in the irrigation couldn't be found anymore, so that there is no water which is flowing the farmers' rice. As a result, they suffered a failure in harvesting because the rice they planted is failed to grow caused by this drought.

Paragraph Cause and Effect 2

Alcoholic drinking is very dangerous for our health. There are lot of problems caused by this dangerous fluid. First, it can cause a swell in our liver. This is because it can trigger the liver to work extra hard filtering the fluid in our body, so that, the liver becomes swollen because it contains so much fluid. Secondly, alcoholic drinking damages the human brain. It will decrease the function of alcohol addict's brain, increasing the risk of depression and frustration. If this happens, there will be a change in behavior on the alcoholic, even they can be mad. Then, alcohol also decreases the functions of our senses. One is our eye is absolutely can be blind because of alcohol. In addition, this drink can also speed up menopause in women because it decreases the function of reproductive organs in women, so that they will get menopause sooner than the period in general. Last, it is also able to cause defects in the fetus. Alcohol that comes into the body of pregnant women also has an impact on their baby, so that they will be born with disabilities. Therefore, the circulation of alcoholic drinking is prohibited in Indonesia because it causes several dangerous diseases to the body.

Conclusion :

 Cause and effect are the type of compound sentence that has a cause and can cause an effect. Cause means something that happens, while the effect is a consequence of the incident.